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World Population

7.6 billion people in the world

Despite incredible improvements in health since 1950, there are still a number of challenges, which should have been easy to solve. Consider the following:

One billion people lack access to health care systems

36 million deaths each year are caused by noncommunicable diseases , such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and chronic lung diseases. This is almost two-thirds of the estimated 56 million deaths each year worldwide. (A quarter of these take place before the age of 60.)

Breaking down the leading causes a bit further (there are others too),

Cardiovascular diseases cause about 17 million deaths

Cancers, about 7.6 million deaths

Chronic lung diseases, about 4.2 million deaths

Diabetes, about 1.3 million deaths

 

To protect and promote the health of the people.

Following steps are necessary to improve health in any community.

  1. Child safety preventing early death
  2. Disease and injury prevention
  3. Disease surveillance, epidemiology
  4. Education of each person of the society
  5. Environmental health, water, air pollution
  6. Health protection and safety in food supply with food security
  7. Programs for immunization and disease prevention

 

What is Health?

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease.

How do you measure good health

Infant Mortality Rate is predictive of good health in a given group: deaths/1,000 live births

USA 6.81 2010 to 5.2 2013 estimate

2010 Russia 11.1 to 7.19

Pakistan 59.35

India 42

Access to Care

Education

Treatment and Patient Outcomes

Diseases of Poverty

Impact on human resources

Negative economic productivity when population is given assistance rather than any skills

This class examines health issues in developing countries from the standpoint of applied economics. Specific topics include: (1) understanding the complex relationship between health, population, and economic growth; (2) understanding key challenges to improving individual and global health (3) recognizing differences between optimal health decisions from an individual, national, and global perspective. We will examine the empirical evidence in support of interventions affecting health including the success and failure of interventions that target infant mortality, diarrhea, worms, AIDS, and malaria as well as smoking and obesity. We will also investigate the role of health insurance as well as different approaches to deliver health care in resource-constrained settings.

 

Healthy People 20101 was “to eliminate health disparities among different segments of the population.” Western and European countries host the lion’s share of the world’s millionaires. More than 70 percent of the world’s millionaires reside in Europe or North America, with 43 percent of these millionaires calling the United State home. The only non-Western nations with a significant share of millionaires: the industrial powerhouses Japan, China, and Korea.

The top 1 percent in the United States hold an average $15 million in wealth, a total only comparable to the prosperous microstate of Luxembourg. No other nation’s top 1 percent own even half of the wealth the top 1 percent’s in the United States and Luxembourg hold.

Income disparities in Pakistan and Health spending as percent of GDP

The World Bank provides data for Pakistan from 2000 to 2016. The average value for Pakistan during that period was 2.69 percent with a minimum of 2.34 percent in 2011 and a maximum of 3.14 percent in 2007. See the global rankings for that indicator or use the country comparator to compare trends over time.

GDP spending as of 1960 to 2010 USA spends 17.2%  $3.3 Trillion

Poorest live shortest

Doctor of the future will cure by herbs and not drugs as cost of drugs is getting out of reach.

Economists and health experts have known for years that people who live in poorer societies live shorter lives. But research also points to an additional factor in explaining life expectancy: a society’s level of inequality. People live longer in nations with lower levels of inequality, as measured here by the Gini coefficient, a standard global benchmark. 79 years average in USA and 86 years average in Japan, Women live 5 years longer.

According to the latest WHO data published in 2018 life expectancy in Pakistan is: Male 65.7, female 67.4 and total life expectancy is 66.5 which gives Pakistan a World Life Expectancy ranking of 133.

Muslim countries and countries who are sharing borders should form the Convention on the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development to improve health of their people.

Public health

An event involving the following diseases shall always lead to utilization of the algorithm, because they have demonstrated the ability to cause serious public health A case of any of the following diseases is unusual or unexpected and may have serious public health impact, and thus shall be notifiable: Smallpox Poliomyelitis due to wild-type poliovirus Human influenza caused by a new subtype Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).

Major impact and to spread rapidity internationally Cholera, Pneumonic plague, Yellow fever Viral haemorrhagic fevers (Ebola, Lassa and Marburg), West Nile fever Other diseases that are of special national or regional concern, e.g. dengue fever, Rift Valley fever, and meningococcal disease.